Shingle construction and composition



June 3, 1930. G. B. sTRYKER, JR

SHINGLE CONSTRUCTION AND COMPOSITION Filed July 31, 1928A A Sm@ .mmm

Patented June 3, l1930 'UNITED sTATEsPATENT OFFICE GEORGE B. STRYKER, JR., F MEMPHIS, TENNESSEE, ASSIGNOR T0 TBIE WEATHER- '.PROOF PRODUCT NESSEE SCOMPANY, 0F MEMPHIS, TENNESSEE, A CORPORATION OF TEN- SHINGLE CONSTRUCTION AND COMPOSITION Application led J'u1y 31, 192.8. Serial No. 296,608.

The present invention relates to a com' posite 4unit for building or construction purposes such as a shingle or the like, formed of two individual members or elements l firmly and permanently united and each possessing dierent physical qualities which are all desirable in material of that class Figure 1 is a plan view of the base element of the shingle; and,

Figure 2 is an end view of Figure 1; Figure 3 an under plan view of the top cover element of the shin le; and, Figure 4 an end view of`F1gur`e 3; Figure 5 is a bottom plan view of the but which qualities have been found dilicult/assembled shingle;

to combine in a practical manner.

For this reason the present invention contemplates the formation of twov elements one of which constitutes the core or base and is porous, soft, tenacious, li h t and forms a heat and sound insulator, t e other element forming a cover member and being hard and compact, which makes it hard and weatherproof, impenetrable by water and a lperfect electric insulator. These two elements are intimatel and firmly united during the process ofy manufacture so as to form an inseparable unit, easy to pack and j ship on account of the simple shape, preferably rectangular.

Some of the advanta es possessed by this shingle unit may here enumerated, viz.

Its lightness as compared with other lshingles with a very hard upper surface. As one element is very light and the other heavy, both having approximately the same volume, the compounded unit will be of medium weight.

The great porousness of the base element makes the shingle soundproof, sothat the 'clatter of rain or hail on a roof will not be heard lin the` house, and the hard top sur- 'face of the Ycover element provides a good wearing shingle; while the tou hiiess and tenacity ofthe one element an the eat hardness of the other provides a shin le unit'of great strength, which will be a le tiwithstand a great dealtof abuse in han- Ag the surrounding lla es of the cover j element tightly grip the e ges of the base, the two elements are firmly united and the flanges are higher than the. thickness of the base element, seepin water cannot reach the latter when the s 'ngles are laid.

In the accompanying drawing one embodiment ofthe invention is illustrated, and:

Figure 6 a transverse section along line 6 6 of Fi re 5;

Figure A a longitudinal section along line 7-7 of Figure 5;

Figure 8 is a fragmentary plan view of a roof laid with these shingles; and,

Figure 9 a fragmentary section along 65 line 9-9 of Figure 8.

Reference numeral 10 represents the base or core element and numeral 11 the top or cover element. By means of the marginal depending .flanges 12 the top element 11 grips tightly the edges of the base element 10 on three sides. To insure /still further hold between the two elements, the side edges of the base element are preferably provided with indentations or notches as at 13, while the ianges of the top element have corresponding sharp projections 14 engaging said notches. The lower end of the base element is slightly -tapered as from 15 to 16 for thepurpose of increasing the flange thickness of the top element, thereby giving greater strength and also preventing water from reaching the base element. For the same reason the flanges 12 are made sli htly higher, as at 18, than the thickness 0 the pad or base element, which preferably has uniform thickness. In this manner when the shin le is laid the bottom surface of the Y pad or ase element will be raised above the supporting structure. 1

'As best seen in Figure 5 of the drawing the finished shingle is preferably rectangu-v lar, that is to say, the top element has arallel side edges which merge into the edges of the upper portion 17 of the basev element, 95 while the remainder of the latter has the same contour as the inner side of the lian es 12.

T e body portion 19 of the top or cover element 11 tapers slightly from one vend. 10

to the other, being thickest at the lower end as at 18 where it is of the same or greater thiclmess than the base element, while running out to a knife edge a little short ofthe top edge of the base element or about midway between said edge and the notches 14. At 22 are shown nail holes in the top element'forsecurin'g the shingles in position.

In Figures 8 and 9 is illustrated the preferable manner of laying the shingles. A tier of units A is first nailed fast as at 22 and positioned with the butt-ends 23 lowermost, in a straight line in the usual manner. The next tier B is then placed on top of the first with vits line of butt-ends 23 about six inches from the first b utt end line or about even with points of Figure 1. This then provides the exposed or weather portion of units A. At the same time the side edges of the units in tier B are displaced'about one-third of the width of the shingle from the side edges of tier A as seen in 'Figure 8.Y This gives a staggered line of exposed side edges. Similarly the third and fourth units'of shin le units are laid and nailed fast to pro uce the as- ,I only 6" will be exposed.

The manner of manufacturing these shingle units is fully disclosed in my co-pending application: method of makin shingles; Serial No. 296,605; filed simultaneously herewith, and will only be gone into briefly here below.

The porous base or core'element 10 is first produced from suitable fibrous' material, preferably waste paper and cotton fibre, which is compressed and shaped into a pad of substantially uniform thickness and having a contour as shown in Figures 1 and 2. A plastic mass of cement, fibre, lime, and clay, or any other similar material possessing the same properties, is then dissolved and thoroughly mixed in water. It is thereupon pouredover the finished pad or base element and subjected to high pressure so that the mass is spreadl compactly over one surface and around three edges of the base.

element. In this manner element-11 forms a hardened envelope over the base element 10 constituting a complete unit therewith.

As the shingle unit thus consists ofv two distinct elements each possessing its, own characteristic properties which are not in any manner changed or iniiuenced by the union, the pad or base element, through its porousness will thus provide protection against heat, cold and sound disturbances,`

while the top or cover element protects the roof from the iniuences of all changing weather conditions, such as rain, hail, snow as well vas electric disturbances, on account of it being dielectric. i l

' The thick lower or buttend of the shingle unit will cause considerable retardation of rain water owing do a roof as the terraced roof now will create actual cascades at each tier of shingle units.

The increased thickness both inthe middle and at4 the sides of the weather orl exposed portion of the cover element, considerably increases the wearing and lasting qualities of'this shingle unit. V

This shingle unit combines lightness with great strength and may be easily cutor sawed to suit conditions.

It is to be understood that the invention as here disclosed is not limited to the details of construction shown and described and that these may be varied widely without departin from the spirit of. the invention as define by the claims.

What I claim as new is: I

1. A composite shingle comprising a base member and a cover member; the base member consistingl of a fibrous heat-insulating material of substantially uniform thickness and provided with notched edges; and the cover member consisting of a fire and waterproof material of tapering length section with depending anges yalong both side edges and its thick end edge, said fianges being adapted to tightly grip the corresponding ed es of said base member and enga gsai notchesfthereby holding "said ymem rs tightlytogether to form a pergaging said notches, thereby holding said members tightly together to form a' permanent unit.

3. A com osite shingle comprising a base member and) having de ending flangesl along its sides and butt e e provi a central recess between said anges, sai base member beingI thinner -than the depth of vsaid recess and fitting tightly between said ianges against the top of the recess, whereby the base member will be spaced fromthe bottom plane of the `ianges, substantially as setforth.

los

a top member, said top vmember 4. A composite shingle comprising a base member and a cover member, the cover member having depending flanges along its sides and butt end providing a central recess between said fianges, the edges of said base member fitting tightly between said anges,

and said side flanges being provided with Co` operating interlocking means.

In' Witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at Washington, District of Co1umbia, this twenty-seven day of July, A. D. nineteen hundred and twenty-ei ht.

GEORGE B. STR R, JR. 

